Joy

In Situ / Laboratory Testing

· Colour
In Situ:
Unit of measurement: “HAZEN”
Colour is determined measured visually with the use of a Colour Comparator.

· Nitrate
In situ:
1) Nitraver 5 Nitrate reagent powder added to 10ml of sample.
2) Shake vigorously for a minute.
3) Allow reaction to occur for another five minutes.
4) If nitrate is present, amber colour develops.
5) Determine concentration of nitrite via colorimetry by comparing against a blank sample using a turntable colour comparator

In lab: Titration - Kjeldahl method titrate (sulphuric acid) indictor (Indicating Boric Acid)

· Nitrite
In situ:
1) Nitraver 5 Nitrate reagent powder added to 10ml of sample.
2) Shake vigorously a minute.
3) Allow reaction to occur for another five minutes.
4) If nitrate is present, amber colour develops.
5) Determine concentration of nitrite via colorimetry by comparing against a blank sample using a turntable colour comparator

Nitrate/Nitrite In Situ Testing: Using a turntable Colour Comparator

Turbidity vs Suspended Solids

Turbidity is the lack of clarity in the sampled water caused by suspended insoluble particles interfering with light passing through. Despite a direct link with these two parameters, no co-relation exists between the results for turbidity and suspended solids. The values of both parameters are negligible as all are too low to demonstrate a clear co-relation.

TDS vs pH

There is no co-relation between total dissolved solids and pH in both theory and the results obtained. As pH is only affected by the concentration of hydrogen ions, total dissolved solids involves many different kinds of ions and molecules, but not hydrogen ions.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand

All BOD values tested are within the range of typical values of BOD found in raw water sources, with the exception of Inlet C1 which is significantly lower.
However due to experimental errors the results obtained were not accurate to show a distinct pattern among the different sites tested.