Ping En

Temperature

Temperature of water collected from the sites vary largely.

This may be due to the collection of the water in sample bottles and it was not tested on the spot immediately. For example, the tap water was collected first and left untested for a length of time after it was collected.

This may have resulted in temperature fluctuations during that period of time. Thus, the temperature readings probably do not reflect their initial temperatures and are not accurate, causing the results to be varying.

Site: Pond 1 and Pond 2

Treated water from C2 outlet enters the pond.

It has plants such as duckweed, tadpoles and fishes living in the waters. The fishes “clean up” the water further because they feeds on the microorganisms living in the pond. The duckweeds and the mangrove plants present help to take up any unwanted nutrients in the water. Duckweeds are unable to thrive in water with high acidity. Thus, it proves the pH value of the pond falls within the acceptable range.



Comparing other parameter (indicating pollution) values of the pond to the grease tap, we find that the values have dropped significantly (refer to Table 2). This proves that the water treatment system has come across effectively.

Table 2

Hardness

Degree of hardness for all results are in between 0 to 75mg/L. Hence, they fall within the acceptable range.

The hardness of water in Inlet C1 is the highest, the grease trap being the second highest. This is due to the detergent or soaps containing hardness-causing ions in the Grease Trap.

From the grease trap, the water travels through the phytoremediation system(PS) which contains soil, stones and plants. Perhaps the calcium ions from the stones gets washed away by the water passing through the PS and a large concentration of hardness-causing calcium ions ends up in the water of Inlet C1, resulting in the high value for hardness.

Turbidity

Turbidity in results is considered in the acceptable range.
The results of Inlet C1 and Pond 2 are slightly higher. The waste of fishes and tadpoles affects the clarity of water because of microorganisms present. Turbidity reading is the highest in the grease trap. It is most likely caused by suspended matter of insoluble particles in the water. For example, the presence of washed-off hands soap in the water of grease trap causes it to be turbid. It interferes with the passage of light resulting in the reading of turbidity for the grease trap to be the highest because it is most unclear. In this case, the suspended materials are colloidal dispersions.

pH

In wastewater, pH usually varies with the presence of particular microorganisms involved. Some plants in the researched area provide shelter for macro and micro invertebrates. pH results from the research are in a acceptable range and will not cause much harm to human bodies.

Plants and fishes live in the waters of the pond, proving that the water is in suitable conditions to sustain a living thing.